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Vivarium Insectsby Cody Wiggins PREFACE The goal of this article is to help in the identification and assessment of insects found in one's vivarium. This article will only cover Orders of the Phylum Arthropoda. Identification characteristics are listed under each category. A 'risk' assessment is also located under each Order. INDEX 1.Phylum Arthropoda Subphylum Uniramia A. Class Insecta-Insects I. Order Odonata-Dragonflies, Damselflies II. Order Ephemeroptera- Mayflies III. Order Plecoptera- Stoneflies IV. Order Hemiptera- True Bugs V. Order Mantodea- Mantids VI. Order Orthoptera- Grasshoppers, Katydids, Crickets VII. Order Megaloptera- Dobsonflies, Fishflies VIII. Order Neuroptera- Lacewings IX. Order Coleoptera- Beetles X. Order Trichoptera- Caddisflies XI. Order Hymenoptera- Wasps, Ants, Bees XII. Order Lepidoptera- Butterflies, Moths XIII. Order Isoptera- Termites XIV. Order Homoptera- Aphids, Cicadas, Leafhoppers XV. Order Diptera- Flies XVI. Order Thysanura- Silverfish, Bristletails, Firebrats XVII. Order Collembola- Springtails XVIII. OrderDermaptera- Earwigs XIX. Order Mecoptera- Scorpionflies XX. Order Psocoptera- Booklice, Psocids XXI. Order Siphonaptera- Fleas XXII. Order Phthiraptera- Chewing lice, Suckinging lice XXIII. Order Thysanoptera- Thrips XXIV. Order Phasmida- Leaf Insects, Stick Insects "walkingsticks" XXV. Order Blattaria- Cockroaches B. Class Chilopoda- Centipedes I. Order Scutigeromorpha- House Centipedes II. Order Lithobiomorpha III. Order Scolopendromorpha IX. Order Geophilomorpha X. Order Craterostigmomorpha C. Class Diplopoda- Millipedes I. Order Polydesmida II. Order Spirobolida III. Order Cambalida Subclass Penicillata- Soft Millipedes I. Order Polyxenida Subphylum Chelicerata A. Class Arachnida- Arachnids I. Order Araneae- Spiders II. Order Scorpiones- Scorpions III. Order Acarina- Mites IX. Order Opiliones- Daddy Long Legs, Harvestmen X. Order Solifugae- Solifugids "Wind Scorpion, Sun Spider, Camel Spider, Solpugid" XI. Order Pseudoscorpiones- pseudoscorpions XII. Order Uropygi- Vinegaroons "Whipscorpions", Tailless Whipscorpions Subphylum Crustacea A. Class Malacostrace I. Order Isopoda- roly-polies, woodlice, pillbugs, isopods II. Order Decapoda- Crabs, Shrimp, Lobsters, Crayfish Phylum Arthropoda Arthropods have jointed and a hard exoskeleton composed of chitin. Their exoskeleton provides protection and support. The rigid nature of the exoskeleton means that arthropods can only grow through periodic molting of the cuticle (ecdysis). Subphylum Uniramia Largest major group of arthropods. Uniramians have a single branch in their appendages (uniramious). A. Class Insecta-Insects Insects are divided into almost 40 different orders mostly based on the basis of mouthparts, wings, and other morphological features. Although the mouth parts on insects appear to be entirely different they are composed of the same three pairs homologous appendages. Tagmatization of Class Insecta: G=Genital Opening  I. Order Odonata-Dragonflies, Damselflies II. Order Ephemeroptera- Mayflies III. Order Plecoptera- Stoneflies IV. Order Hemiptera- True Bugs V. Order Mantodea- Mantids VI. Order Orthoptera- Grasshoppers, Katydids, Crickets, Cockroaches VII. Order Megaloptera- Dobsonflies, Fishflies VIII. Order Neuroptera- Lacewings IX. Order Coleoptera- Beetles X. Order Trichoptera- Caddisflies XI. Order Hymenoptera- Wasps, Ants, Bees XII. Order Lepidoptera- Butterflies, Moths XIII. Order Isoptera- Termites XIV. Order Homoptera- Aphids, Cicadas, Leafhoppers XV. Order Diptera- Flies XVI. Order Thysanura- Silverfish, Bristletails, Firebrats XVII. Order Collembola- Springtails XVIII. OrderDermaptera- Earwigs XIX. Order Mecoptera- Scorpionflies XX. Order Psocoptera- Booklice, Psocids XXI. Order Siphonaptera- Fleas XXII. Order Phthiraptera- Chewing lice, Suckinging lice XXIII. Order Thysanoptera- Thrips XXIV. Order Phasmida- Leaf Insects, Stick Insects "walkingsticks" XXV. Order Blattaria- Cockroaches B. Class Chilopoda- Centipedes Centipedes are usually found in moist habitats such as leaf litter or under logs or rocks. They vary in size from 3-6 centimeters with some tropical forms reaching 18-26 centimeters. Centipedes can have anywhere from 15 to 177 pairs of legs, their is always an odd number of pairs of legs. Centipedes are predatory and use their large fangs to hunt worms and insects. The head has two pairs of Maxillae. The jaws are covered by the first pair of legs (maxillipeds), which look and functions as jaws, they contain poison glands. They live in soil and humus and beneath stones, logs, and bark. Tagmatization of Class Chilopoda: G=genital opening 
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