Well, surprisingly, even though our initial reaction would be to pull back, that is not always the case. I have never been bitten by a snake in a way that would make me react like this (I have only been bitten a couple of times by smaller snakes, and they were carefully planned bites, where I was holding them and they slowly opened their mouths around my hand!

) so I can only speak from seeing Joe being bitten.. he has been bitten a couple of times by the larger snakes, from feeding strikes, and he did not pull away instantly as would be expected. He waited for them to release his hand.
In fact I think it would be quite hard to yank the teeth out, but if this did happen then there is really nothing you can do. I don't believe that teeth can grow back.. however with over a hundred teeth it probably wouldn't cause too many problems.
I have only once seen a tooth be pulled out - one of our royal pythons had a piece of substrate stuck in his mouth and we had to carefully pull this out with tweezers. Unfortunately it was stuck on a tooth, and the tooth came out with the substrate. On very close inspection you could see the tooth, although it was so small you would have easily missed it. It has caused him no problems, and I think the fact that the substrate was finally unstuck was much more of a relief to him.
If you are bitten it is best to try and fight the urge to pull back, because as you noted, a snakes teeth are angled backwards so as to prevent prey from escaping from its grip. The snake will let go, and no harm will be done (at least not to the snake

).